This module aims to introduce students to the fundamental concepts of Cryptography and Steganography, exploring their historical background and modern applications. Students will learn about the importance of cryptography in ensuring message confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation. They will explore different cryptographic systems and algorithms, including both symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography, as well as encryption and decryption techniques. The module also covers practical uses of cryptography, such as HTTPS, SSL, and digital signatures, and delves into Steganography as a technique for information hiding. By the end of the module, students will have gained hands-on experience with cryptographic algorithms, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), crypto hashing functions, and will understand the role of digital certificates and certificate authorities in securing electronic communications and transactions.